Published 20 June 2025
What is a stopping distance?
Published 20 June 2025
We’ve all had that feeling when another car gets a little too close for comfort, but unfortunately ‘tailgating’ is a common problem on UK roads. Understanding safe stopping distances when driving is often overlooked by drivers, which can be particularly dangerous in bad weather conditions and dark roads.
What does ‘stopping distance’ mean?
A ‘stopping distance’ is your vehicle's journey from realising you need to stop, to the moment you actually stop. The two-second braking distance can change depending on factors like your vehicle's speed, road conditions, and the efficiency of your brakes. Here are some key factors to consider when stopping:
- Reaction distance
- Braking distance
- Road conditions
How does weather affect stopping distances?
The unpredictability of UK weather can make it more difficult to control our vehicles. Driving in heavy rain or snow.
means different stopping distances, and various risks.
You should always adjust your driving in accordance with different weather conditions. The Highway Code recommends:
- In wet weather: stopping distances need to “be at least double those required for stopping on dry roads”.
- In icy conditions: stopping distances need to be significantly higher, as much as 10 times higher.
You can brush up on your stopping distances for all weather conditions by visiting The Highway Code official website.
What else can affect stopping distance?
- Although legal, a hands-free call can take your mind off the road and hinder your ability to judge stopping distances.
- Fiddling with the radio or heating can divide your attention, so if you have a passenger, ask them to do it for you.
- Lack of sleep severely affects driver attention, awareness and reaction time – never drive tired, and make sure to take breaks.
What to do if you’re being tailgated
Although you might be aware of stopping distances, it doesn’t mean the person behind you is.
According to National Highways, here’s what to do when being tailgated:
- Continue to drive safely and keep your distance from the car in front.
- Let them overtake: Keep a steady speed so they can overtake easily.
- If it’s safe, pull into a petrol station or the side of the road until they’ve passed.
- Expect delayed reactions and show them your intentions by signalling early and clearly.
- Keep your eyes on the road, remain focused or you may miss something happening in front of you.
What happens in a road accident?
Tailgating contributes to one in eight crashes on UK motorways, so it’s important to know what to do in case of an accident. In that awful moment, it’s easy to forget to take down key details and remember who you need to inform – from your insurance company to the police. Here’s what to do if you’re involved in a car crash:
- Note the other car’s number plate – without it you’ll only be able to make a non-recoverable claim.
- Get their full name, address, contact number and insurance provider (if they can’t remember, don’t worry – we can find this out from their registration plate).
- Take photos of any damage and the other vehicle to help your insurance claim.
- Ask any witnesses for information and ask if they’d be willing to provide a statement for your insurer.
For more information, check out our guide on what to do if you’re in a car accident.
How to prepare for a road trip
Before hitting the road, no matter how far you’re travelling, here are a few things to consider before getting behind the wheel:
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Car TLC:
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Expect the unexpected:
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Adapt to conditions:
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Stay ahead of the game:
Give your ride some love. Brakes, tyres, oil… everything deserves a quick check before setting off on a trip. Regular maintenance can help keep your vehicle's stopping power in check.
Keep a keen eye on the roads to predict those pesky potholes and potential dangers before they appear. The more time you give yourself to react, the shorter your total stopping distance.
Adjust your driving style to suit the weather conditions, as wet roads and icy paths demand cautious driving. Reducing your speed and increasing following distances can be life-saving.
Keep an eagle eye out for your fellow drivers, and unexpected obstacles. Think of it as your road survival strategy. And don’t get fooled, rear lights can give a false sense of security in foggy conditions.
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